Potential answers for "Strip (of)"

⭐⭐⭐⭐ DEPRIVE
⭐⭐⭐⭐ DIVEST
⭐⭐ LOIN
⭐ LATH
⭐ OPAL
⭐ EEK
⭐ PUNCHEDTAPE
⭐ IGUANA
⭐ BAM
⭐ KEY

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